Table 1 Multipotency of skin derived fibroblasts showed by previous studies
Name | Origins | Dissociation | Cultivation methods | Morphology | Expression of markers | Species | Multipotency (in vitro) | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dermis-derived multipotent stem cells (DMCs) | Newborn dermis | Enzymatic digestion | IMDM with 10 ml/L FBS and 100 U/mL penicillin and 100 microgram/mL streptomycin. | Adherent cells - spindle shaped | DMCs were positive for CD59, CD90, CD44, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). DMCs were negative for pan-cytokeratin, cytokeratin19, factor VIII, CD31, CD45, CD34, a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA), desmin, collagen II and nestin. DNA microarray - G8Genes associated with pancreatic cells, transcripts for epithelial cell, neural cell, and hepatocyte as well. | Animal | Adipocyte, Osteoblast, Chondrocyte, Neuron and insulin- producing pancreatic cell. | Chun-Meng Shi et al (2004) [34] |
Skin derived pre cursors(SKPs) | Neonatal mice | Trypsin and collagenase | S-MEM with 8% FBS treated with Chelex resin. 3D - culture done. | Adherent cells - spindle shaped | CD49f, CD49, CD117, CD34 were positive CD45 negative. | Animal | Adipocyte, chondrocyte, osteoblast and muscle | Crigler L et al (2007) [37] |
MSC like scalp-derived adherent cells (hSCPs) | Scalp tissues | 0.1% trypsin | DMEM-HG, 20% FBS with 20 ng/ml epidermal growth factor (EGF) and 20 ng/ml FGF2 | Adherent cells - spindle shaped | CD44, CD49 (d, e, f), CD166, CD105, CD29, SH2, SH4, CDw90, EGFR, PDGFRa | Human | Adipocyte, Osteoblast, Chondrocyte and Neuron | Daniel Tzu-bi Shih et al (2005) [32] |
Human Fibroblasts equivalent to MSCs | Apical skin | collagenase (1-2 mg/ml) | RPMI 1640 with 20% FCS, glutamine, penicillin and streptomycin | Adherent cells - spindle shaped | CD73, CD90, CD105, MHC class I and CD271 are positive. CD31, CD34, CD45, HLA DR, CD19, CD14 are negative | Human | Multipotency study not done but demonstrated fibroblasts are Immunoregulatory Cells and Functionally Equivalent to MSCs. | Muzlifah A. Haniffa et al (2007) [31]. |
Multipotenet fibroblasts | Foreskin | Collagenase | DMEM containing 10% FBS. | Adherent cells - spindle shaped | CD13 (62.1%), CD29 (53.2%), CD49d (38.4%), CD105 (30.9%), Stro-1 (8%) and a low level of CD34 (1.7%), negative for CD45, CD106 and CD133. Nestin negative, Vimentin positive. | Human | Adipocyte, Osteoblast, Chondrocyte, Neuron and Hepatocyte (6.4% population are tripotent),19.1% of clones were bipotent and 10,6% of the clones were unipotent. | Fu Guo Chen et al (2007) [33] |
Fibroblastic mesenchymal stem-cell-like cells | Juvenile foreskin | 0.075% collagenase | DMEM with GlutaMAX-I, 4.5 g ⁄ l glucose and pyruvate and 10% FBS. | Adherent cells - spindle shaped | CD14(-), CD29(+), CD31(-), CD34(-), CD44(+), CD45(-), CD71(+), CD73 ⁄ SH3-SH4(+), CD90 ⁄ Thy-1(+), CD105 ⁄ SH2(+), CD133(-) and CD166 ⁄ ALCAM(+). Expressed vimentin, fibronectin and collagen; they were less positive for a-smooth muscle actin and nestin, while they were negative for epithelial cytokeratins. | Human | Adipocyte and chondrocyte | Katrin Lorenz et al (2008) [36] |
Dermal mesenchymal stem cells | Foreskin | Enzymatic digestion | clonal subcultivation in DMEM with meracaptoethanol | Adherent cells - spindle shaped | CD90 and CD105 were positive, CD34, c-kit and CD133 were negative | Human | Adipocyte, osteoblast and muscle | Bartsch G et al (2008) [38] |
Multipotent dermal fibroblasts | Foreskin | Collagenase | DMEM-HG with 10% FBS, 300 μg/m1 L-glutamine, 50 μg/ml vitamin C, 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 μg/ml streptomycin. | Adherent cells - spindle shaped | _ | Human | Adipocyte, neuron, hapatocyte and insulin-producing islet cells. | Dan Bi et al (2010) [35] |