Organogenesis and Organoids

Ephrin-B2 paces neuronal production in the developing neocortex

During mammalian cerebral cortex development, different types of projection neurons are produced in a precise temporal order and in stereotypical numbers. The mechanisms regulating timely generation of neocort...

Authors: Anthony Kischel, Christophe Audouard, Mohamad-Ali Fawal and Alice Davy

Long-term expansion, genomic stability and in vivo safety of adult human pancreas organoids

Pancreatic organoid systems have recently been described for the in vitro culture of pancreatic ductal cells from mouse and human. Mouse pancreatic organoids exhibit unlimited expansion potential, while previo...

Authors: Nikitas Georgakopoulos, Nicole Prior, Brigitte Angres, Gianmarco Mastrogiovanni, Alex Cagan, Daisy Harrison, Christopher J. Hindley, Robert Arnes-Benito, Siong-Seng Liau, Abbie Curd, Natasha Ivory, Benjamin D. Simons, Inigo Martincorena, Helmut Wurst, Kourosh Saeb-Parsy and Meritxell Huch

Electrochemical gradients are involved in regulating cytoskeletal patterns during epithelial morphogenesis in the Drosophila ovary

During Drosophila oogenesis, the follicular epithelium differentiates into several morphologically distinct follicle-cell populations. Characteristic bioelectrical properties make this tissue a suitable model sys...

Authors: Isabel Weiß and Johannes Bohrmann

Insulin signaling mediates previtellogenic development and enhances juvenile hormone-mediated vitellogenesis in a lepidopteran insect, Maruca vitrata

Insulin/insulin-like growth peptide signaling (IIS) down-regulates hemolymph sugar level and facilitates larval growth in the soybean pod borer, Maruca vitrata. The objective of this study is to determine whether...

Authors: Md. Abdullah Al Baki, Dae-Weon Lee, Jin Kyo Jung and Yonggyun Kim

Electrochemical patterns during Drosophila oogenesis: ion-transport mechanisms generate stage-specific gradients of pH and membrane potential in the follicle-cell epithelium

Alterations of bioelectrical properties of cells and tissues are known to function as wide-ranging signals during development, regeneration and wound-healing in several species. The Drosophila follicle-cell epith...

Authors: Isabel Weiß and Johannes Bohrmann

Vitellogenins in the spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum – expression profile and putative hormonal regulation of vitellogenesis

Knowledge about vitellogenesis in spiders is rudimentary. Therefore, the aim of study was to check the vitellogenin (Vg) presence in various tissues of the female spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum, determine when ...

Authors: Agata W. Bednarek, Marta K. Sawadro, Łukasz Nicewicz and Agnieszka I. Babczyńska

Environmental cycles regulate development time via circadian clock mediated gating of adult emergence

Previous studies have implicated a role for circadian clocks in regulating pre-adult development of organisms. Among them two approaches are most notable: 1) use of insects whose clocks have different free-run...

Authors: Manishi Srivastava, Anjana James, Vishwanath Varma, Vijay Kumar Sharma and Vasu Sheeba

Contemporaneous effects of diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism on spermatogenesis and immunolocalization of Claudin-11 inside the seminiferous tubules of mice

Diabetes and hypothyroidism produce adverse effects on body weight and sexual maturity by inhibiting body growth and metabolism. The occurrence of diabetes is always accompanied with thyroid dysfunction. Thus,...

Authors: Nazar Ali KOREJO, Quanwei WEI, Kaizhi ZHENG, Dagan MAO, Rashid Ali KOREJO, Atta Hussain SHAH and Fangxiong SHI

Dynamics of promoter bivalency and RNAP II pausing in mouse stem and differentiated cells

Mammalian embryonic stem cells display a unique epigenetic and transcriptional state to facilitate pluripotency by maintaining lineage-specification genes in a poised state. Two epigenetic and transcription pr...

Authors: Anna Mantsoki, Guillaume Devailly and Anagha Joshi

Unique N-terminal sequences in two Runx1 isoforms are dispensable for Runx1 function

The Runt-related transcription factors (Runx) are a family of evolutionarily conserved transcriptional regulators that play multiple roles in the developmental control of various cell types. Among the three ma...

Authors: Sebastian Nieke, Nighat Yasmin, Kiyokazu Kakugawa, Tomomasa Yokomizo, Sawako Muroi and Ichiro Taniuchi

Integrative analysis of the Pekin duck (Anas anas) MicroRNAome during feather follicle development

The quality and yield of duck feathers are very important economic traits that might be controlled by miRNA regulation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism underlying the crosstalk be...

Authors: Xingyong Chen, Kai Ge, Min Wang, Cheng Zhang and Zhaoyu Geng

Dynamics of nuclear receptor gene expression during Pacific oyster development

Nuclear receptors are a highly conserved set of ligand binding transcription factors, with essential roles regulating aspects of vertebrate and invertebrate biology alike. Current understanding of nuclear rece...

Authors: Susanne Vogeler, Tim P. Bean, Brett P. Lyons and Tamara S. Galloway

Relating proton pumps with gap junctions: colocalization of ductin, the channel-forming subunit c of V-ATPase, with subunit a and with innexins 2 and 3 during Drosophila oogenesis

Ion-transport mechanisms and gap junctions are known to cooperate in creating bioelectric phenomena, like pH gradients, voltage gradients and ion fluxes within single cells, tissues, organs, and whole organism...

Authors: Julia Lautemann and Johannes Bohrmann

A critical role for the Drosophila dopamine D₁-like receptor Dop1R2 at the onset of metamorphosis

Insect metamorphosis relies on temporal and spatial cues that are precisely controlled. Previous studies in Drosophila have shown that untimely activation of genes that are essential to metamorphosis results in g...

Authors: Kimberly Regna, Peri T. Kurshan, Benjamin N. Harwood, Adam M. Jenkins, Chao-Qiang Lai, Marc A.T. Muskavitch, Alan S. Kopin and Isabelle Draper

Live imaging of muscle histolysis in Drosophila metamorphosis

The contribution of programmed cell death (PCD) to muscle wasting disorders remains a matter of debate. Drosophila melanogaster metamorphosis offers the opportunity to study muscle cell death in the context of de...

Authors: Yadav Kuleesha, Wee Choo Puah and Martin Wasser

PfSMAD4 plays a role in biomineralization and can transduce bone morphogenetic protein-2 signals in the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata

Mollusca is the second largest phylum in nature. The shell of molluscs is a remarkable example of a natural composite biomaterial. Biomineralization and how it affects mollusks is a popular research topic. The...

Authors: Mi Zhao, Yu Shi, Maoxian He, Xiande Huang and Qi Wang

Computational prediction and experimental validation of novel Hedgehog-responsive enhancers linked to genes of the Hedgehog pathway

The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, acting through three homologous transcription factors (GLI1, GLI2, GLI3) in vertebrates, plays multiple roles in embryonic organ development and adult tissue homeostasis. A...

Authors: Katherine Gurdziel, Kyle R. Vogt, Gary Schneider, Neil Richards and Deborah L. Gumucio

Hsp90 and hepatobiliary transformation during sea lamprey metamorphosis

Biliary atresia (BA) is a human infant disease with inflammatory fibrous obstructions in the bile ducts and is the most common cause for pediatric liver transplantation. In contrast, the sea lamprey undergoes ...

Authors: Yu-Wen Chung-Davidson, Chu-Yin Yeh, Ugo Bussy, Ke Li, Peter J. Davidson, Kaben G. Nanlohy, C. Titus Brown, Steven Whyard and Weiming Li

Stable and bicistronic expression of two genes in somite- and lateral plate-derived tissues to study chick limb development

Components of the limb musculoskeletal system have distinct mesoderm origins. Limb skeletal muscles originate from somites, while the skeleton and attachments (tendons and connective tissues) derive from limb ...

Authors: Adeline Bourgeois, Joana Esteves de Lima, Benjamin Charvet, Koichi Kawakami, Sigmar Stricker and Delphine Duprez

Key pathways regulated by HoxA9,10,11/HoxD9,10,11 during limb development

The 39 mammalian Hox genes show problematic patterns of functional overlap. In order to more fully define the developmental roles of Hox genes it is necessary to remove multiple combinations of paralogous and ...

Authors: Anna M. Raines, Bliss Magella, Mike Adam and S. Steven Potter

Multiple transcription factors directly regulate Hox gene lin-39 expression in ventral hypodermal cells of the C. elegans embryo and larva, including the hypodermal fate regulators LIN-26 and ELT-6

Hox genes encode master regulators of regional fate specification during early metazoan development. Much is known about the initiation and regulation of Hox gene expression in Drosophila and vertebrates, but ...

Authors: Wan-Ju Liu, John S Reece-Hoyes, Albertha JM Walhout and David M Eisenmann

Mechanisms underlying dual effects of serotonin during development of Helisoma trivolvis(Mollusca)

Serotonin (5-HT) is well known as widely distributed modulator of developmental processes in both vertebrates and invertebrates. It is also the earliest neurotransmitter to appear during neuronal development. ...

Authors: Konstantin Glebov, Elena E Voronezhskaya, Marina Yu Khabarova, Evgeny Ivashkin, Leonid P Nezlin and Evgeni G Ponimaskin

The precise timeline of transcriptional regulation reveals causation in mouse somitogenesis network

In vertebrate development, the segmental pattern of the body axis is established as somites, masses of mesoderm distributed along the two sides of the neural tube, are formed sequentially in the anterior-poste...

Authors: Bernard Fongang and Andrzej Kudlicki

Erratum to: Histamine is a modulator of metamorphic competence in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea)

Authors: Josh Sutherby, Jamie-Lee Giardini, Julia Nguyen, Gary Wessel, Mariana Leguia and Andreas Heyland

Functional modelling of planar cell polarity: an approach for identifying molecular function

Cells in some tissues acquire a polarisation in the plane of the tissue in addition to apical-basal polarity. This polarisation is commonly known as planar cell polarity and has been found to be important in d...

Authors: Lee D Hazelwood and John M Hancock

Heat shock factor-1 intertwines insulin/IGF-1, TGF-β and cGMP signaling to control development and aging

Temperature affects virtually all cellular processes. A quick increase in temperature challenges the cells to undergo a heat shock response to maintain cellular homeostasis. Heat shock factor-1 (HSF-1) functio...

Authors: János Barna, Andrea Princz, Mónika Kosztelnik, Balázs Hargitai, Krisztina Takács-Vellai and Tibor Vellai

Role of the Skp1 prolyl-hydroxylation/glycosylation pathway in oxygen dependent submerged development of Dictyostelium

Oxygen sensing is a near universal signaling modality that, in eukaryotes ranging from protists such as Dictyostelium and Toxoplasma to humans, involves a cytoplasmic prolyl 4-hydroxylase that utilizes oxygen and...

Authors: Yuechi Xu, Zhuo A Wang, Rebekah S Green and Christopher M West

Protein interactions of the transcription factor Hoxa1

Hox proteins are transcription factors involved in crucial processes during animal development. Their mode of action remains scantily documented. While other families of transcription factors, like Smad or Sta...

Authors: Barbara Lambert, Julie Vandeputte, Sophie Remacle, Isabelle Bergiers, Nicolas Simonis, Jean-Claude Twizere, Marc Vidal and René Rezsohazy

Distinct patterns of notochord mineralization in zebrafish coincide with the localization of Osteocalcin isoform 1 during early vertebral centra formation

In chondrichthyans, basal osteichthyans and tetrapods, vertebral bodies have cartilaginous anlagen that subsequently mineralize (chondrichthyans) or ossify (osteichthyans). Chondrocytes that form the vertebral...

Authors: Anabela Bensimon-Brito, João Cardeira, Maria Leonor Cancela, Ann Huysseune and Paul Eckhard Witten

Conserved cis-regulatory regions in a large genomic landscape control SHH and BMP-regulated Gremlin1expression in mouse limb buds

Mouse limb bud is a prime model to study the regulatory interactions that control vertebrate organogenesis. Major aspects of limb bud development are controlled by feedback loops that define a self-regulatory ...

Authors: Aimée Zuniga, Frédéric Laurent, Javier Lopez-Rios, Christian Klasen, Nicolas Matt and Rolf Zeller

Histamine is a modulator of metamorphic competence in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus(Echinodermata: Echinoidea)

A metamorphic life-history is present in the majority of animal phyla. This developmental mode is particularly prominent among marine invertebrates with a bentho-planktonic life cycle, where a pelagic larval f...

Authors: Josh Sutherby, Jamie-Lee Giardini, Julia Nguyen, Gary Wessel, Mariana Leguia and Andreas Heyland

Conserved and non-conserved enhancers direct tissue specific transcription in ancient germ layer specific developmental control genes

Identifying DNA sequences (enhancers) that direct the precise spatial and temporal expression of developmental control genes remains a significant challenge in the annotation of vertebrate genomes. Locating th...

Authors: Sumantra Chatterjee, Guillaume Bourque and Thomas Lufkin

Analysis of the dynamics of limb transcriptomes during mouse development

The development of vertebrate limbs has been a traditional system to study fundamental processes at work during ontogenesis, such as the establishment of spatial cellular coordinates, the effect of diffusible ...

Authors: Istvan Gyurján, Bernhard Sonderegger, Felix Naef and Denis Duboule

In vivo role of different domains and of phosphorylation in the transcription factor Nkx2-1

The transcription factor Nkx2-1 (also known as TTF-1, Titf1 or T/EBP) contains two apparently redundant activation domains and is post-translationally modified by phosphorylation. We have generated mouse mutan...

Authors: Daniel Silberschmidt, Alina Rodriguez-Mallon, Prathiba Mithboakar, Gaetano Calì, Elena Amendola, Remo Sanges, Mariastella Zannini, Marzia Scarfò, Pasquale De Luca, Lucio Nitsch, Roberto Di Lauro and Mario De Felice

Computational fluid dynamic analysis of physical forces playing a role in brain organoid cultures in two different multiplex platforms

Organoid cultivation in suspension culture requires agitation at low shear stress to allow for nutrient diffusion, which preserves tissue structure. Multiplex systems for organoid cultivation have been propose...

Authors: Livia Goto-Silva, Nadia M. E. Ayad, Iasmin L. Herzog, Nilton P. Silva, Bernard Lamien, Helcio R. B. Orlande, Annie da Costa Souza, Sidarta Ribeiro, Michele Martins, Gilberto B. Domont, Magno Junqueira, Fernanda Tovar-Moll and Stevens K. Rehen

Histone acetyltransferase CBP-related H3K23 acetylation contributes to courtship learning in Drosophila

Histone modifications are critical in regulating neuronal processes. However, the impacts of individual histone modifications on learning and memory are elusive. Here, we investigated the contributions of hist...

Authors: Kai-Le Li, Lei Zhang, Xiao-Mei Yang, Qiang Fang, Xue-Fang Yin, Hui-Min Wei, Ting Zhou, Ya-Bin Li, Xue-Lin Chen, Fan Tang, Yong-Hao Li, Jian-Feng Chang, Wei Li and Feng Sun

Short term optical defocus perturbs normal developmental shifts in retina/RPE protein abundance

Myopia (short-sightedness) affects approximately 1.4 billion people worldwide, and prevalence is increasing. Animal models induced by defocusing lenses show striking similarity with human myopia in terms of mo...

Authors: Nina Riddell, Pierre Faou and Sheila G. Crewther

Developmental nicotine exposure affects larval brain size and the adult dopaminergic system of Drosophila melanogaster

Pregnant women may be exposed to nicotine if they smoke or use tobacco products, nicotine replacement therapy, or via e-cigarettes. Prenatal nicotine exposure has been shown to have deleterious effects on the ...

Authors: Melanie Morris, Ariel Shaw, Madison Lambert, Haley Halperin Perry, Eve Lowenstein, David Valenzuela and Norma Andrea Velazquez-Ulloa

Expression and function of microRNA-9 in the mid-hindbrain area of embryonic chick

MiR-9 is a small non-coding RNA that is highly conserved between species and primarily expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). It is known to influence proliferation and neuronal differentiation in the ...

Authors: A. Alwin Prem Anand, Carola Huber, John Asnet Mary, Nancy Gallus, Christoph Leucht, Ruth Klafke, Bernhard Hirt and Andrea Wizenmann

Respective contribution of the cephalic neural crest and mesoderm to SIX1-expressing head territories in the avian embryo

Vertebrate head development depends on a series of interactions between many cell populations of distinct embryological origins. Cranial mesenchymal tissues have a dual embryonic source: - the neural crest (NC...

Authors: Barbara F. Fonseca, Gérard Couly and Elisabeth Dupin

Transcriptome profiling reveals expression signatures of cranial neural crest cells arising from different axial levels

Cranial neural crest cells (NCCs) are a unique embryonic cell type which give rise to a diverse array of derivatives extending from neurons and glia through to bone and cartilage. Depending on their point of o...

Authors: Rachael Lumb, Sam Buckberry, Genevieve Secker, David Lawrence and Quenten Schwarz

Mediator subunit Med12 contributes to the maintenance of neural stem cell identity

The RNA polymerase II transcriptional Mediator subunit Med12 is broadly implicated in vertebrate brain development, and genetic variation in human MED12 is associated with X-linked intellectual disability and ...

Authors: Nam Hee Kim, Carolina B. Livi, P. Renee Yew and Thomas G. Boyer

Modular reorganization of the global network of gene regulatory interactions during perinatal human brain development

During early development of the nervous system, gene expression patterns are known to vary widely depending on the specific developmental trajectories of different structures. Observable changes in gene expres...

Authors: Jimena Monzón-Sandoval, Atahualpa Castillo-Morales, Araxi O. Urrutia and Humberto Gutierrez

Monitoring brain development of chick embryos in vivo using 3.0 T MRI: subdivision volume change and preliminary structural quantification using DTI

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has many advantages in the research of in vivo embryonic brain development, specifically its noninvasive aspects and ability to avoid skeletal interference. However, few studie...

Authors: Zien Zhou, Zengai Chen, Jiehui Shan, Weiwei Ma, Lei Li, Jinyan Zu and Jianrong Xu

Erratum to: Changes in expression of class 3 semaphorins and their receptors during development of the rat retina and superior colliculus

Authors: Anil Sharma, Chrisna J LeVaillant, Giles W Plant and Alan R Harvey

Changes in expression of Class 3 Semaphorins and their receptors during development of the rat retina and superior colliculus

Members of the Semaphorin 3 family (Sema3s) influence the development of the central nervous system, and some are implicated in regulating aspects of visual system development. However, we lack information abo...

Authors: Anil Sharma, Chrisna J LeVaillant, Giles W Plant and Alan R Harvey

Histone deacetylase expression patterns in developing murine optic nerve

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play important roles in glial cell development and in disease states within multiple regions of the central nervous system. However, little is known about HDAC expression or functi...

Authors: Sarika Tiwari, Subramanian Dharmarajan, Mahesh Shivanna, Deborah C Otteson and Teri L Belecky-Adams

Targeted germ line disruptions reveal general and species-specific roles for paralog group 1 hox genes in zebrafish

The developing vertebrate hindbrain is transiently segmented into rhombomeres by a process requiring Hox activity. Hox genes control specification of rhombomere fates, as well as the stereotypic differentiation o...

Authors: Steven E Weicksel, Ankit Gupta, Denise A Zannino, Scot A Wolfe and Charles G Sagerström

Chitosan/siRNA nanoparticle targeting demonstrates a requirement for single-minded during larval and pupal olfactory system development of the vector mosquito Aedes aegypti

Essentially nothing is known about the genetic regulation of olfactory system development in vector mosquitoes, which use olfactory cues to detect blood meal hosts. Studies in Drosophila melanogaster have identif...

Authors: Keshava Mysore, Emily Andrews, Ping Li and Molly Duman-Scheel

Neural crest-specific deletion of Ldb1 leads to cleft secondary palate with impaired palatal shelf elevation

LIM domain binding protein 1 (LDB1) is a transcriptional co-factor, which interacts with multiple transcription factors and other proteins containing LIM domains. Complete inactivation of Ldb1 in mice resulted in...

Authors: Asma Almaidhan, Jeffry Cesario, Andre Landin Malt, Yangu Zhao, Neeti Sharma, Veronica Choi and Juhee Jeong

NumbL is essential for Xenopusprimary neurogenesis

Members of the vertebrate Numb family of cell fate determinants serve multiple functions throughout early embryogenesis, including an essential role in the development of the nervous system. The Numb proteins ...

Authors: Frank Nieber, Marie Hedderich, Olaf Jahn, Tomas Pieler and Kristine A Henningfeld

The role of Zic transcription factors in regulating hindbrain retinoic acid signaling

The reiterated architecture of cranial motor neurons aligns with the segmented structure of the embryonic vertebrate hindbrain. Anterior-posterior identity of cranial motor neurons depends, in part, on retinoi...

Authors: Danna L Drummond, Caroline S Cheng, Lyndsay G Selland, Jennifer C Hocking, Lisa B Prichard and Andrew J Waskiewicz

Live imaging and analysis of postnatal mouse retinal development

The explanted, developing rodent retina provides an efficient and accessible preparation for use in gene transfer and pharmacological experimentation. Many of the features of normal development are retained in...

Authors: Philip EB Nickerson, Kara M Ronellenfitch, Nicklaus F Csuzdi, Jamie D Boyd, Perry L Howard, Kerry R Delaney and Robert L Chow

Identifying targets of the Sox domain protein Dichaete in the Drosophila CNS via targeted expression of dominant negative proteins

Group B Sox domain transcription factors play important roles in metazoan central nervous system development. They are, however, difficult to study as mutations often have pleiotropic effects and other Sox fam...

Authors: Shih Pei Shen, Jelena Aleksic and Steven Russell

The response of early neural genes to FGF signaling or inhibition of BMP indicate the absence of a conserved neural induction module

The molecular mechanism that initiates the formation of the vertebrate central nervous system has long been debated. Studies in Xenopus and mouse demonstrate that inhibition of BMP signaling is sufficient to indu...

Authors: Crystal D Rogers, George S Ferzli and Elena S Casey

Plasticity of photoreceptor-generating retinal progenitors revealed by prolonged retinoic acid exposure

Retinoic acid (RA) is important for vertebrate eye morphogenesis and is a regulator of photoreceptor development in the retina. In the zebrafish, RA treatment of postmitotic photoreceptor precursors has been s...

Authors: Craig B Stevens, David A Cameron and Deborah L Stenkamp

Cug2 is essential for normal mitotic control and CNS development in zebrafish

We recently identified a novel oncogene, Cancer-upregulated gene 2 (CUG2), which is essential for kinetochore formation and promotes tumorigenesis in mammalian cells. However, the in vivo function of CUG2 has ...

Authors: Hyun-Taek Kim, Ju-Hoon So, Seung-Hyun Jung, Dae-Gwon Ahn, Wansoo Koh, Nam-Soon Kim, Soo-Hyun Kim, Soojin Lee and Cheol-Hee Kim

Two-color fluorescent in situ hybridization in the embryonic zebrafish brain using differential detection systems

Whole-mount in situ hybridization (WISH) is extensively used to characterize gene expression patterns in developing and adult brain and other tissues. To obtain an idea whether a novel gene might be involved in s...

Authors: Gilbert Lauter, Iris Söll and Giselbert Hauptmann

The Enhancer of split transcription factor Her8a is a novel dimerisation partner for Her3 that controls anterior hindbrain neurogenesis in zebrafish

Neurogenesis control and the prevention of premature differentiation in the vertebrate embryo are crucial processes, allowing the formation of late-born cell types and ensuring the correct shape and cytoarchit...

Authors: Katharine J Webb, Marion Coolen, Christian J Gloeckner, Christian Stigloher, Brigitte Bahn, Stefanie Topp, Marius Ueffing and Laure Bally-Cuif

Correct anteroposterior patterning of the zebrafish neurectoderm in the absence of the early dorsal organizer

The embryonic organizer (i.e., Spemann organizer) has a pivotal role in the establishment of the dorsoventral (DV) axis through the coordination of BMP signaling. However, as impaired organizer function also r...

Authors: Máté Varga, Shingo Maegawa and Eric S Weinberg

Expression analysis of Rab11 during zebrafish embryonic development

Rab proteins are GTPases responsible for intracellular vesicular trafficking regulation. Rab11 proteins, members of the Rab GTPase family, are known to regulate vesicular recycling during embryonic development...

Authors: Haijun Zhang, Yu Gao, Peipei Qian, Zhangji Dong, Wenjin Hao, Dong Liu and Xuchu Duan

Growth and cellular patterning during fetal human inner ear development studied by a correlative imaging approach

Progressive transformation of the otic placode into the functional inner ear during gestational development in humans leads to the acquisition of hearing perception via the cochlea and balance and spatial orie...

Authors: Lejo Johnson Chacko, David Wertjanz, Consolato Sergi, Jozsef Dudas, Natalie Fischer, Theresa Eberharter, Romed Hoermann, Rudolf Glueckert, Helga Fritsch, Helge Rask-Andersen, Anneliese Schrott-Fischer and Stephan Handschuh

An annual cycle of gene regulation in the red-legged salamander mental gland: from hypertrophy to expression of rapidly evolving pheromones

Cell differentiation is mediated by synchronized waves of coordinated expression for hundreds to thousands of genes, and must be regulated to produce complex tissues and phenotypes. For many animal species, se...

Authors: Damien B. Wilburn and Richard C. Feldhoff

Clec14a genetically interacts with Etv2 and Vegf signaling during vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in zebrafish

C-lectin family 14 Member A (Clec14a) is a transmembrane protein specifically expressed in vascular endothelial cells during embryogenesis. Previous in vitro and in vivo studies have provided conflicting data ...

Authors: Karolina Pociute, Jennifer A. Schumacher and Saulius Sumanas

Differential roles of insulin like growth factor 1 receptor and insulin receptor during embryonic heart development

The embryonic day E10–13 period of mouse heart development is characterized by robust cardiomyocyte proliferation that creates the compact zone of thickened ventricular wall myocardium. This process is initiat...

Authors: Kai Wang, Hua Shen, Peiheng Gan, Susana Cavallero, S. Ram Kumar, Ching-Ling Lien and Henry M. Sucov

Caspases and matrix metalloproteases facilitate collective behavior of non-neural ectoderm after hindbrain neuropore closure

Mammalian brain is formed through neural tube closure (NTC), wherein both ridges of opposing neural folds are fused in the midline and remodeled in the roof plate of the neural tube and overlying non-neural ec...

Authors: Naomi Shinotsuka, Yoshifumi Yamaguchi, Kenichi Nakazato, Yudai Matsumoto, Atsushi Mochizuki and Masayuki Miura

Opsin expression patterns coincide with photoreceptor development during pupal development in the honey bee, Apis mellifera

The compound eyes of insects allow them to catch photons and convert the energy into electric signals. All compound eyes consist of numerous ommatidia, each comprising a fixed number of photoreceptors. Differe...

Authors: Leonie Lichtenstein, Kornelia Grübel and Johannes Spaethe

Comparison of two related lines of tauGFP transgenic mice designed for lineage tracing

The tauGFP reporter fusion protein is produced nearly ubiquitously by the TgTP6.3 transgene in TP6.3 mice and its localisation to microtubules offers some advantages over soluble GFP as a lineage marker. However,...

Authors: Linda Sharp, Thomas Pratt, Gillian E. MacKay, Margaret A. Keighren, Jean H. Flockhart, Emma J. Chandler, David J. Price, John O. Mason and John D. West

Microarray analysis reveals a potential role of LncRNAs expression in cardiac cell proliferation

Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been identified to play important roles in epigenetic processes that underpin organogenesis. However, the role of LncRNAs in the regulation of transition from fetal to adult...

Authors: Jue Wang, Zhimin Geng, Jiakan Weng, Longjie Shen, Ming Li, Xueli Cai, Chengchao Sun and Maoping Chu

Left-right axis asymmetry determining human Cryptic gene is transcriptionally repressed by Snail

Establishment of the left-right axis is important for positioning organs asymmetrically in the developing vertebrate-embryo. A number of factors like maternally deposited molecules have emerged essential in in...

Authors: Kartik Gupta, Vijaya Satish Sekhar Pilli and Gopala Krishna Aradhyam

Expression of ribosomopathy genes during Xenopus tropicalis embryogenesis

Because ribosomes are ubiquitously required for protein production, it was long assumed that any inherited defect in ribosome manufacture would be embryonically lethal. However, several human congenital diseas...

Authors: Andrew Robson, Nick D. L. Owens, Susan J. Baserga, Mustafa K. Khokha and John N. Griffin

BMP-SMAD signalling output is highly regionalized in cardiovascular and lymphatic endothelial networks

Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling has emerged as a fundamental pathway in endothelial cell biology and deregulation of this pathway is implicated in several vascular disorders. BMP signalling output ...

Authors: Karen Beets, Michael W. Staring, Nathan Criem, Elke Maas, Niels Schellinx, Susana M. Chuva de Sousa Lopes, Lieve Umans and An Zwijsen

Impairment of Wnt11 function leads to kidney tubular abnormalities and secondary glomerular cystogenesis

Wnt11 is a member of the Wnt family of secreted signals controlling the early steps in ureteric bud (UB) branching. Due to the reported lethality of Wnt11 knockout embryos in utero, its role in later mammalian ki...

Authors: Irina I. Nagy, Qi Xu, Florence Naillat, Nsrein Ali, Ilkka Miinalainen, Anatoly Samoylenko and Seppo J. Vainio

Salmonid fish: model organisms to study cardiovascular morphogenesis in conjoined twins?

There is a gap in knowledge regarding the cardiovascular system in fish conjoined twins, and regarding the cardiovascular morphogenesis of conjoined twins in general. We examined the cardiovascular system in a...

Authors: Per Gunnar Fjelldal, Monica F. Solberg, Tom Hansen, Tone Vågseth, Kevin Alan Glover and Harald Kryvi

Expression and knockdown of zebrafish folliculin suggests requirement for embryonic brain morphogenesis

Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD) is a dominantly inherited familial cancer syndrome characterised by the development of benign skin fibrofolliculomas, multiple lung and kidney cysts, spontaneous pneumothorax and ...

Authors: Emma J. Kenyon, Monique N. H. Luijten, Harmeet Gill, Nan Li, Matthew Rawlings, James C. Bull, Yavor Hadzhiev, Maurice A. M. van Steensel, Eamonn Maher and Ferenc Mueller

MR microscopy of the human fetal upper extremity – a proof-of-principle study

Current knowledge of the human fetal and embryonic development relies on early descriptive studies of humans and from experimental studies of laboratory animals and embryos. Taking the upper extremity as an ex...

Authors: Inga Langner, Thomas Stahnke, Oliver Stachs, Tobias Lindner, Jens-Peter Kühn, Simon Kim, Andreas Wree and Soenke Langner

β-catenin is required in the neural crest and mesencephalon for pituitary gland organogenesis

The pituitary gland is a highly vascularized tissue that requires coordinated interactions between the neural ectoderm, oral ectoderm, and head mesenchyme during development for proper physiological function. ...

Authors: Shannon W. Davis, Amanda H. Mortensen, Jessica L. Keisler, Amanda L. Zacharias, Philip J. Gage, Ken-ichi Yamamura and Sally A. Camper

Effects of Usag-1 and Bmp7 deficiencies on murine tooth morphogenesis

Wnt5a and Mrfzb1 genes are involved in the regulation of tooth size, and their expression levels are similar to that of Bmp7 during morphogenesis, including during the cap and early be...

Authors: Kazuyuki Saito, Katsu Takahashi, Masakazu Asahara, Honoka Kiso, Yumiko Togo, Hiroko Tsukamoto, Boyen Huang, Manabu Sugai, Akira Shimizu, Masaharu Motokawa, Harold C. Slavkin and Kazuhisa Bessho

Revisiting in vivo staining with alizarin red S - a valuable approach to analyse zebrafish skeletal mineralization during development and regeneration

The correct evaluation of mineralization is fundamental for the study of skeletal development, maintenance, and regeneration. Current methods to visualize mineralized tissue in zebrafish rely on: 1) fixed spec...

Authors: A. Bensimon-Brito, J. Cardeira, G. Dionísio, A. Huysseune, M. L. Cancela and P. E. Witten

Identification of differential microRNA expression during tooth morphogenesis in the heterodont dentition of miniature pigs, SusScrofa

It has been found that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the regulation of tooth development, and most likely increase the complexity of the genetic network, thus lead to greater complexity of teeth. ...

Authors: Ang Li, Ye Li, Tieli Song, Fu Wang, Dayong Liu, Zhipeng Fan, San Cheng, Chunmei Zhang, Jinsong Wang, Junqi He and Songlin Wang

A co-culture assay of embryonic zebrafish hearts to assess migration of epicardial cells in vitro

The vertebrate heart consists of three cell layers: the innermost endothelium, the contractile myocardium and the outermost epicardium. The epicardium is vital for heart development and function, and forms fro...

Authors: Monica S. Yue, Jessica S. Plavicki, Xin-yi Li, Richard E. Peterson and Warren Heideman

Med14 cooperates with brg1 in the differentiation of skeletogenic neural crest

An intricate gene regulatory network drives neural crest migration and differentiation. How epigenetic regulators contribute to this process is just starting to be understood.

Authors: Xin Lou, Jeffrey T. A. Burrows and Ian C. Scott

Muscleblind-like 1 is required for normal heart valve development in vivo

Development of the valves and septa of the heart depends on the formation and remodeling of the endocardial cushions in the atrioventricular canal and outflow tract. These cushions are populated by mesenchyme ...

Authors: Ryan J. Coram, Samantha J. Stillwagon, Anuradha Guggilam, Michael W. Jenkins, Maurice S. Swanson and Andrea N. Ladd

Cooperative and independent functions of FGF and Wnt signaling during early inner ear development

In multiple vertebrate organisms, including chick, Xenopus, and zebrafish, Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) and Wnt signaling cooperate during formation of the otic placode. However, in the mouse, although FGF sign...

Authors: Kevin D. Wright, Amanda A. Mahoney Rogers, Jian Zhang and Katherine Shim

Evidence for lung epithelial stem cell niches

Recent studies have identified epithelial stem and progenitor cell populations of the lung. We are just beginning to understand the mechanisms that regulate their homeostatic, regenerative and maladaptive beha...

Authors: Matt L. Donne, Andrew J. Lechner and Jason R. Rock

The growth pattern of the human intestine and its mesentery

It remains unclear to what extent midgut rotation determines human intestinal topography and pathology. We reinvestigated the midgut during its looping and herniation phases of development, using novel 3D visu...

Authors: Jelly HM Soffers, Jill PJM Hikspoors, Hayelom K. Mekonen, S. Eleonore Koehler and Wouter H. Lamers

The pattern of congenital heart defects arising from reduced Tbx5 expression is altered in a Down syndrome mouse model

Nearly half of all individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) have some type of congenital heart defect (CHD), suggesting that DS sensitizes to CHD but does not cause it. We used a common mouse model of DS, the Ts65D...

Authors: Renita C. Polk, Peter Gergics, Jeffrey D. Steimle, Huiqing Li, Ivan P. Moskowitz, Sally A. Camper and Roger H. Reeves

Improved application of the electrophoretic tissue clearing technology, CLARITY, to intact solid organs including brain, pancreas, liver, kidney, lung, and intestine

Mapping of tissue structure at the cellular, circuit, and organ-wide scale is important for understanding physiological and biological functions. A bio-electrochemical technique known as CLARITY used for three...

Authors: Hyunsu Lee, Jae-Hyung Park, Incheol Seo, Sun-Hyun Park and Shin Kim

The role of Sox9 in mouse mammary gland development and maintenance of mammary stem and luminal progenitor cells

Identification and characterization of molecular controls that regulate mammary stem and progenitor cell homeostasis are critical to our understanding of normal mammary gland development and its pathology.

Authors: Gautam K Malhotra, Xiangshan Zhao, Emily Edwards, Janel L Kopp, Mayumi Naramura, Maike Sander, Hamid Band and Vimla Band

Isoform-specific functions of Mud/NuMA mediate binucleation of Drosophilamale accessory gland cells

In standard cell division, the cells undergo karyokinesis and then cytokinesis. Some cells, however, such as cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes, can produce binucleate cells by going through mitosis without cytoki...

Authors: Kiichiro Taniguchi, Akihiko Kokuryo, Takao Imano, Ryunosuke Minami, Hideki Nakagoshi and Takashi Adachi-Yamada

A self-avoidance mechanism in patterning of the urinary collecting duct tree

Glandular organs require the development of a correctly patterned epithelial tree. These arise by iterative branching: early branches have a stereotyped anatomy, while subsequent branching is more flexible, br...

Authors: Jamie A Davies, Peter Hohenstein, C-Hong Chang and Rachel Berry

Vascularization of primary and secondary ossification centres in the human growth plate

The switch from cartilage template to bone during endochondral ossification of the growth plate requires a dynamic and close interaction between cartilage and the developing vasculature. Vascular invasion of t...

Authors: Sonja M Walzer, Erdal Cetin, Ruth Grübl-Barabas, Irene Sulzbacher, Beate Rueger, Werner Girsch, Stefan Toegel, Reinhard Windhager and Michael B Fischer

Surface landmark quantification of embryonic mouse craniofacial morphogenesis

Morphometric quantification of subtle craniofacial variation in studies of experimentally modified embryonic mice has proved valuable in determining the effects of developmental perturbations on craniofacial m...

Authors: Christopher J Percival, Rebecca Green, Ralph Marcucio and Benedikt Hallgrímsson

Distinct functions of the laminin β LN domain and collagen IV during cardiac extracellular matrix formation and stabilization of alary muscle attachments revealed by EMS mutagenesis in Drosophila

The Drosophila heart (dorsal vessel) is a relatively simple tubular organ that serves as a model for several aspects of cardiogenesis. Cardiac morphogenesis, proper heart function and stability require structural...

Authors: Dominik Hollfelder, Manfred Frasch and Ingolf Reim

G1 checkpoint establishment in vivo during embryonic liver development

The DNA damage-mediated cell cycle checkpoint is an essential mechanism in the DNA damage response (DDR). During embryonic development, the characteristics of cell cycle and DNA damage checkpoint evolve from a...

Authors: Xiao Qi Wang, Kwok Kin Chan, Xiaoyan Ming, Vincent CH Lui, Randy YC Poon, Chung Mau Lo, Chris Norbury and Ronnie TP Poon

Multiple modes of proepicardial cell migration require heartbeat

The outermost layer of the vertebrate heart, the epicardium, forms from a cluster of progenitor cells termed the proepicardium (PE). PE cells migrate onto the myocardium to give rise to the epicardium. Impaire...

Authors: Jessica S Plavicki, Peter Hofsteen, Monica S Yue, Kevin A Lanham, Richard E Peterson and Warren Heideman

Regular heartbeat rhythm at the heartbeat initiation stage is essential for normal cardiogenesis at low temperature

The development of blood flow in the heart is crucial for heart function and embryonic survival. Recent studies have revealed the importance of the extracellular matrix and the mechanical stress applied to the...

Authors: Tomomi Watanabe-Asaka, Yoshio Sekiya, Hironori Wada, Takako Yasuda, Ikuya Okubo, Shoji Oda and Hiroshi Mitani

Functional modifications associated with gastrointestinal tract organogenesis during metamorphosis in Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus)

Flatfish metamorphosis is a hormone regulated post-embryonic developmental event that transforms a symmetric larva into an asymmetric juvenile. In altricial-gastric teleost fish, differentiation of the stomach...

Authors: Ana S Gomes, Yuko Kamisaka, Torstein Harboe, Deborah M Power and Ivar Rønnestad

The expression of diacylglycerol kinase theta during the organogenesis of mouse embryos

Diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) is a key enzyme that regulates diacylglycerol (DG) turnover and is involved in a variety of physiological functions. The isoform DGKθ has a unique domain structure and is the sole m...

Authors: Shuji Ueda, Becky Tu-Sekine, Minoru Yamanoue, Daniel M Raben and Yasuhito Shirai

The Ecdysone receptor constrains wingless expression to pattern cell cycle across the Drosophilawing margin in a cyclin B-dependent manner

Ecdysone triggers transcriptional changes via the ecdysone receptor (EcR) to coordinate developmental programs of apoptosis, cell cycle and differentiation. Data suggests EcR affects cell cycle gene expression...

Authors: Naomi C Mitchell, Jane I Lin, Olga Zaytseva, Nicola Cranna, Amanda Lee and Leonie M Quinn

FishFace: interactive atlas of zebrafish craniofacial development at cellular resolution

The vertebrate craniofacial skeleton may exhibit anatomical complexity and diversity, but its genesis and evolution can be understood through careful dissection of developmental programs at cellular resolution...

Authors: B Frank Eames, April DeLaurier, Bonnie Ullmann, Tyler R Huycke, James T Nichols, John Dowd, Marcie McFadden, Mark M Sasaki and Charles B Kimmel

The C. elegans gene pan-1encodes novel transmembrane and cytoplasmic leucine-rich repeat proteins and promotes molting and the larva to adult transition

Extracellular leucine-rich repeat (eLRR) proteins are a highly diverse superfamily of membrane-associated or secreted proteins. In the membrane-associated eLRR proteins, the leucine-rich repeat motifs interact...

Authors: Chris R Gissendanner and Tram Do Kelley

miRNA regulated pathways in late stage murine lung development

MicroRNAs play important roles in regulating biological processes, including organ morphogenesis and maturation. However, little is known about specific pathways regulated by miRNA during lung development. Bet...

Authors: Sana Mujahid, Tanya Logvinenko, MaryAnn V Volpe and Heber C Nielsen

Expression of SHH signaling molecules in the developing human primary dentition

Our current knowledge on tooth development derives primarily from studies in mice. Very little is known about gene expression and function during human odontogenesis. Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling has been de...

Authors: Xuefeng Hu, Shuo Zhang, Guimiao Chen, Chensheng Lin, Zhen Huang, YiPing Chen and Yanding Zhang

Thyroid hormone increases fibroblast growth factor receptor expression and disrupts cell mechanics in the developing organ of corti

Thyroid hormones regulate growth and development. However, the molecular mechanisms by which thyroid hormone regulates cell structural development are not fully understood. The mammalian cochlea is an intrigui...

Authors: Katherine B Szarama, Núria Gavara, Ronald S Petralia, Richard S Chadwick and Matthew W Kelley

Prolonged FGF signaling is necessary for lung and liver induction in Xenopus

FGF signaling plays numerous roles during organogenesis of the embryonic gut tube. Mouse explant studies suggest that different thresholds of FGF signaling from the cardiogenic mesoderm induce lung, liver, and...

Authors: Emily T Shifley, Alan P Kenny, Scott A Rankin and Aaron M Zorn

Loss of sfrp1 promotes ductal branching in the murine mammary gland

Secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs) are a family of proteins that block the Wnt signaling pathway and loss of SFRP1 expression is found in breast cancer along with a multitude of other human cancers. Ac...

Authors: Kelly J Gauger, Akihiko Shimono, Giovanna M Crisi and Sallie Smith Schneider

Loss of muscleblind-like 1 promotes invasive mesenchyme formation in endocardial cushions by stimulating autocrine TGFβ3

Valvulogenesis and septation in the developing heart depend on the formation and remodeling of endocardial cushions in the atrioventricular canal (AVC) and outflow tract (OFT). These cushions are invaded by a ...

Authors: Kathryn E LeMasters, Yotam Blech-Hermoni, Samantha J Stillwagon, Natalie A Vajda and Andrea N Ladd

Retinoic acid is a key regulatory switch determining the difference between lung and thyroid fates in Xenopus laevis

The lung and thyroid are derived from the anterior endoderm. Retinoic acid and Fgf signalling are known to be essential for development of the lung in mouse but little is known on how the lung and thyroid are ...

Authors: Jean H Wang, Steven J Deimling, Nicole E D'Alessandro, Lin Zhao, Fred Possmayer and Thomas A Drysdale

Identification of RNA binding motif proteins essential for cardiovascular development

We recently identified Rbm24 as a novel gene expressed during mouse cardiac development. Due to its tightly restricted and persistent expression from formation of the cardiac crescent onwards and later in forming...

Authors: Samantha Maragh, Ronald A Miller, Seneca L Bessling, David M McGaughey, Marja W Wessels, Bianca de Graaf, Eric A Stone, Aida M Bertoli-Avella, John D Gearhart, Shannon Fisher and Andrew S McCallion