Figure 5

SMAD1/5 nuclear relocalization after mechanical stimulation in deltoid tuberosity cells. Resting wild-type (wt) deltoid tuberosity osteoblasts display SMAD1/5 immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm; however, with increased duration of mechanical strain SMAD immunoreactivity becomes more nuclear. At 24 hours, most of the reoriented cells again display cytoplasmic localization of SMAD 1/5. In contrast, cyclic strain failed to elicit any significant nuclear translocation of SMAD1/5 immunoreactivity in Bmp5^clvdeltoid tuberosity osteoblasts during the time period tested. Nuclei were counterstained with propidium iodide (P.I.).