Exposure to light enhances pre-adult fitness in two dark-dwelling sympatric species of ants

Table 4 Results of ANOVA on the pre-adult developmental time data.

	*df Effect*	MS Effect	dfError	MS Error	F	p-level
1st instar (L1)
Light regime (L)	2	1640.51	88	8.53	192.13	< 0.001
Species (S)	1	20.4	88	8.53	2.39	0.13
L × S	2	1.77	88	8.53	0.2	0.81
2nd instar (L2)
Light regime (L)	2	2198.17	88	8.7	252.5	< 0.001
Species (S)	1	65.19	88	8.7	7.48	< 0.01
L × S	2	4.81	88	8.7	0.55	0.58
3rd instar (L3)
Light regime (L)	2	2889.83	85	8.53	338.73	< 0.001
Species (S)	1	36.14	85	8.53	4.23	< 0.05
L × S	2	13.42	85	8.53	1.57	0.21
Pupal stage
Light regime (L)	2	3029.72	68	8.37	361.61	< 0.001
Species (S)	1	3.62	68	8.37	0.43	0.51
L × S	2	92.48	68	8.37	11.03	< 0.001
Emergence
Light regime (L)	2	6857.4	68	11.82	579.66	< 0.001
Species (S)	1	0.97	68	11.82	0.08	0.78
L × S	2	15.98	68	11.82	1.35	0.27

Results of two-way ANOVA on the duration of different stages of pre-adult development (1^st instar, 2^nd instar, 3^rd instar, pupal stage and emergence), estimated from the egg stage.

ISSN: 1471-213X