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Table 2 Rescue of pod-2 polarity defects by fatty acids and lipids

From: Involvement of fatty acid pathways and cortical interaction of the pronuclear complex in Caenorhabditis elegansembryonic polarity

Fatty acid or lipid

[ ] in plate mg/ml

%symmetric pod-22-cell embryos (n)

Rescue of osmotic defect?1

none2

 

54 (24)

No

none3

 

43 (35)

No

none4

1.0

39 (23)

No

palmitic (16:0)

0.5

0 (80)

No

stearic (18:0)

1.0

0 (10)

No

oleic (18:1)

1.0

9 (11)

No

linoleic (18:2)

1.0

9 (11)

No

arachidonic (20:4)

1.0

0 (14)

No

docosahexaenoic (22:6)

1.0

10 (52)

No

diacylglycerol5

0.1

36 (14)

No

ceramide6

1.0

41 (22)

No

ceramide7

1.0

39 (23)

No

cardiolipin8

1.0

32 (19)

No

sphingomyelin9

1.0

34 (38)

No

sphingomyelin10

1.0

41 (22)

No

phosphatidylcholine

1.0

31 (16)

No

phosphotidylinositol 11

1.0

3 (35)

No

phosphotidylinositol 12

1.0

0 (12)

No

palmitic 13

1.0

0 (5)

No

palmitic 13

0.5

0 (6)

No

palmitic 13

0.1

8 (12)

No

palmitic13

0.01

29 (7)

No

  1. Compounds that rescued polarity defects are shown in bold. 1 Scored by looking at whether embryos shrunk in hypertonic medium. In all cases, >80% osmosensitive embryos were detected. 2 Solvent control. Ethanol alone, the solvent for sphingomyelin and all the fatty acids except stearic acid was spread on the plate. 3 Solvent control. Chloroform alone, the solvent for stearic acid and all lipids but sphingomyelin, was spread on the plate. 4 Glycerol 3-phosphate in water at 1 mg/ml in plate. 5 Stearic and arachidonic acids. 6 Bovine; stearic and nervonic acids. 7 Chicken; palmitic acid. 8 80% lineoleic acid content. 9 Non-hydroxy fatty acid; stearic and nervonic acids. 10 Hydroxy fatty acid. 11 Crude (50%). 12 99% pure; linoleic and palmitic acids. 13 Separate set of experiments studying dose-dependence of fatty acid rescue